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The best energy resolution in modern radiation detectors can be achieved in semiconductor materials, where a comparatively large number of carriers for a given incident radiation event occurs. In these materials, the basic information carriers are electron–hole pairs created along the path taken by the charged particle through the detector. The charged particle can be either primary radiation or a secondary particle. The electron–hole pairs in some respects are analogous to the ion pairs produced in the gas-filled detectors. When an external electric field is applied to the semiconductive material, the created carriers form a measurable electric current. The detectors operating on this principle are called a solid-state or semiconductor diode detectors. The operating principle of these radiation detectors is the same as that of the semiconductor light detectors. It is based on the transition of electrons from one energy level to another when they gain or lose energy.
- What steps are required to transform the signal into electric output?
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- How the sensing and transformation can be modeled mathematically or physically?
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